زمان مطالعه: ۳ دقیقه

Steps of storing saffron bulbs

Saffron with scientific name (Sativus L Crocus) is one of the export products with a special position. In this text we try to show you Steps of storing saffron bulbs.

The characteristics of this product include very low need for water, usability for 5 to 7 years for one planting and the long shelf life of this product. Due to the small size of the onion, it is easily portable and does not require special tools and technology. Many people can work at harvest time and can reach the ground in non-critical conditions.

One of the main problems of saffron growers is the time stage between buying onions and planting them. Due to the fact that novice farmers do not have enough knowledge about the process of storing saffron bulbs, they may suffer a lot of damage.

Steps of storing saffron bulbs

How is saffron cultivated?

Saffron grows and multiplies through bulbs. bulbs are a new underground stem that is botanically known as coriander.

Usually, the useful life of saffron field for flowering is from 5 to 10 years, depending on the initial planting density of saffron bulbs.

In the following years, due to the growth and multiplication of onions and the lack of space for growth, onions and soil become weak and therefore harvest yield also declines.

Under these conditions, farmers remove the propagated bulbs from the ground and replant them after a week or two. Of course, it should be known that the grading and presentation of standard bulbs in a controlled and extensive manner can have a favorable effect on the bulbs harvesting process.

Therefore, providing suitable conditions, method of packaging and storage of bulbs can reduce the depletion of onion forces and maintain the quality of bulbs for re-cultivation to the desired level.

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You are recommended to read the article in front of you ⇒ Factors reducing saffron flowering

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Where is saffron bulbs grown?

Saffron is grown in areas with temperate semi-desert climates and fresh water and clayey and sandy soils.

In most parts of Khorasan, saffron is cultivated in the autumn season of the saffron plant (early June to mid-October).

Farmers use 3 to 7 rows of saffron per hectare of land using traditional methods (row and heap planting).

Of course, with the help of new and advanced tools in saffron-rich areas, planting and injecting chemical fertilizers and eliminating plant pesticides can be done easily.

Therefore, it is recommended to use saffron for bulbs that are bigger than hazelnuts and smaller than walnuts, weigh 8 grams more and also have healthy and rotless sprouts.

Steps of storing saffron bulbs

How to harvest saffron

At bedtime, saffron bulbs are taken out of the ground for replanting, and this is usually done by single-mining reversible plow in the form of drying. Soil moisture at the time of bulbs harvest is equal to 6%.

It should be noted that the land should not be irrigated before harvesting bulbs, because with increasing humidity during harvesting, saffron bulb waste increases during storage and the flowering and fertility of onions decreases.

In areas where the soil is infested with mites, irrigating the soil in the summer to remove bulbs will increase the pest.

How are bulbs packaged?

After removing the bulbs, an operation must be performed on the onion to prepare it for storage, which includes:

Removal of waste, which includes additional coatings around the bulbs and the soil attached to it. Damaged, crushed and damaged bulbs should also be separated from healthy bulbs.

Due to the fact that larger bulbs differ from smaller bulbs in terms of oxygen demand, transpiration rate and other factors, they should be placed in separate packages.

In order to eliminate fungal contamination, onions are disinfected with fungicidal toxins such as benlit, mancozeb and copper sulfate.

At this stage, the bulbs are packed in 5 kg sacks or cartons.

It should be noted that packing and storing bulbs in plastic and mesh packages will increase weight, increase waste and damage bulbs in terms of rot, as well as reduce the flowering process of bulbs.

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You are recommended to read the article in front of you ⇒ Factors reducing saffron flowering  

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Storage conditions of saffron bulb

Suitable temperature for storing saffron bulbs in cartons or sacks should be at a temperature of 20 to 25 degrees Celsius and the required relative humidity should be between 48 to 52%, so use dry and ventilated warehouses without cooling system Is required .

Bulbs should not be stored at higher or lower temperatures, as this will damage the onion and reduce its ability to grow at planting time, which will reduce saffron flowering.

The maximum storage time in the above conditions is one month and more than this time is not recommended.

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